Physical Chemistry, Second Edition

HORST-DIETER FÖRSTERLING, Dr. phil., was a Professor in the Department of Physical Chemistry at the Philipps-University of Marburg from 1972 until his retirement in 1999. Professor Försterling has taught physical chemistry courses and laboratory courses at all levels, including graduate and advanced graduate courses in spectroscopy, statistical mechanics, reaction kinetics, and quantum mechanics. His research interests include quantum chemistry, reaction mechanisms, oscillating chemical reactions, and chemical waves.

Physical Chemistry, Second Edition

Designed specifically for a two-semester introductory course sequence in physical chemistry, this text presents core principles and topics. Straightforward and streamlined, it presents the necessary amount of detail for comprehension. Organized in such a way that the various topics covered are connected to each other, it allows students to see physical chemistry as an interconnected discipline and not a series of unrelated concepts. Each chapter in this new edition has been thoroughly updated and includes new information on computational applications, more end-of-chapter problems, and new chapters on nanotechnology and surface chemistry

This updated, second edition retains its classroom-tested treatment of physical chemistry of metallurgical topics, such as roasting of sulfide minerals, matte smelting, converting, structure, properties and theories of slag, reduction of oxides and reduction smelting, interfacial phenomena, steelmaking, secondary steelmaking, role of halides in extraction of metals, refining, hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy, and adds new data in worked-out examples as well as up-to-date references to the literature. The book further explains the physical chemistry of various metallurgical topics, steps involved in extraction of metals, such as roasting, matte smelting/converting, reduction smelting, steelmaking reactions, deoxidation, stainless steelmaking, vacuum degassing, refining, leaching, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, cementation, gaseous reduction and electrowinning. Each topic is illustrated with appropriate examples of applications of the technique in extraction of some common, reactive, rare, or refractory metal together with worked out problems explaining the principle of the operation. The problems require imagination and critical analyses and also encourage readers for creative application of thermodynamic data in metal extraction.

This new edition of Robert G. Mortimer's Physical Chemistry has been thoroughly revised for use in a full year course in modern physical chemistry. In this edition, Mortimer has included recent developments in the theories of chemical reaction kinetics and molecular quantum mechanics, as well as in the experimental study of extremely rapid chemical reactions. While Mortimer has made substantial improvements in the selection and updating of topics, he has retained the clarity of presentation, the integration of description and theory, and the level of rigor that made the first edition so successful.

@bul:* Emphasizes clarity; every aspect of the first edition has been examined and revised as needed to make the principles and applications of physical chemistry as clear as possible. * Proceeds from fundamental principles or postulates and shows how the consequences of these principles and postulates apply to the chemical and physical phenomena being studied. * Encourages the student not only to know the applications in physical chemistry but to understand where they come from. * Treats all topics relevant to undergraduate physical chemistry.

Designed for a two-semester introductory course sequence in physical chemistry, Physical Chemistry: A Modern Introduction, Second Edition offers a streamlined introduction to the subject. Focusing on core concepts, the text stresses fundamental issues and includes basic examples rather than the myriad of applications often presented in other, more encyclopedic books. Physical chemistry need not appear as a large assortment of different, disconnected, and sometimes intimidating topics. Instead, students should see that physical chemistry provides a coherent framework for chemical knowledge, from the molecular to the macroscopic level.

Think of that: Students making positive comments about a physical chemistry text! It seems that the philosophy of the first edition struck a chord with those who are the primary beneficiaries of a textbook

Authored by Donald A. McQuarrie and John D. Simon, this chemistry book is, without a doubt, the most logical and best physical chemistry book you will find anywhere. If you are a beginner, and you plan on getting your feet wet in physical chemistry, this book is an excellent choice.

This is the first modern textbook, written in the 21st century, to make explicit the many connections between physical organic chemistry and critical fields such as organometallic chemistry, materials chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, and biochemistry. In the latter part of the 20th century, the field of physical organic chemistry went through dramatic changes, with an increased emphasis on noncovalent interactions and their roles in molecular recognition, supramolecular chemistry, and biology; the development of new materials with novel structural features; and the use of computational methods. Contemporary chemists must be just as familiar with these newer fields as with the more established classical topics.

Quantum chemistry, a subfield of physical chemistry especially concerned with the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems, provides tools to determine how strong and what shape bonds are,[2] how nuclei move, and how light can be absorbed or emitted by a chemical compound.[3] Spectroscopy is the related sub-discipline of physical chemistry which is specifically concerned with the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.

Which reactions do occur and how fast is the subject of chemical kinetics, another branch of physical chemistry. A key idea in chemical kinetics is that for reactants to react and form products, most chemical species must go through transition states which are higher in energy than either the reactants or the products and serve as a barrier to reaction.[6] In general, the higher the barrier, the slower the reaction. A second is that most chemical reactions occur as a sequence of elementary reactions,[7] each with its own transition state. Key questions in kinetics include how the rate of reaction depends on temperature and on the concentrations of reactants and catalysts in the reaction mixture, as well as how catalysts and reaction conditions can be engineered to optimize the reaction rate.

The fact that how fast reactions occur can often be specified with just a few concentrations and a temperature, instead of needing to know all the positions and speeds of every molecule in a mixture, is a special case of another key concept in physical chemistry, which is that to the extent an engineer needs to know, everything going on in a mixture of very large numbers (perhaps of the order of the Avogadro constant, 6 x 1023) of particles can often be described by just a few variables like pressure, temperature, and concentration. The precise reasons for this are described in statistical mechanics,[8] a specialty within physical chemistry which is also shared with physics. Statistical mechanics also provides ways to predict the properties we see in everyday life from molecular properties without relying on empirical correlations based on chemical similarities.[5]

Modern physical chemistry originated in the 1860s to 1880s with work on chemical thermodynamics, electrolytes in solutions, chemical kinetics and other subjects. One milestone was the publication in 1876 by Josiah Willard Gibbs of his paper, On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances. This paper introduced several of the cornerstones of physical chemistry, such as Gibbs energy, chemical potentials, and Gibbs' phase rule.[10]

The third edition has a significantly extended index that provides a dictionary of terms and symbols and useful conversion tables. Information in the Green Book is synthesized from IUPAC, IUPAP, and ISO. The second edition has been available online as a PDF file, and the third edition will be available as a PDF one year after publication.

With its easy-to-read approach and focus on core topics, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, 2e provides a concise, yet thorough examination of calculus-based physical chemistry. The Second Edition, designed as a learning tool for students who want to learn physical chemistry in a functional and relevant way, follows a traditional organization and now features an increased focus on thermochemistry, as well as new problems, new two-column examples, and a dynamic new four-color design. Written by a dedicated chemical educator and researcher, the text also includes a review of calculus applications as applied to physical chemistry. 041b061a72